Comprehensive Guide to 65 Fabric Types
Dive into the world of materials with us: discover 65 fabric types, their properties, uses and care tips – so your favourite pieces stay beautiful for longer.
What fabric types are there?
Alpine fleece
Alpine fleece is a fabric known for its softness and warming properties. It is made from a combination of polyester and cotton, making it durable and breathable and providing good insulation. Alpine fleece originated in the Alpine regions of Europe, where it was developed to withstand extreme weather conditions. It is often used for outerwear such as jackets, jumpers, hoodies, hats and coats. To clean cosy alpine fleece, it is recommended to turn it inside out and wash it at a low temperature. Use a mild detergent and avoid using fabric softener, as this can damage the fleece fibres. It is best to air dry alpine fleece to prevent shrinkage or warping. Direct sunlight is also not a good idea.
Cotton
Cotton is a natural fibre obtained from the seed hairs of the cotton plant, a renewable raw material. Cotton fabric is tightly woven and non-stretch, has a smooth surface and is available in various weaves – lightweight, breathable and non-stretch. This popular fabric is used for a variety of garments, including light summer dresses, T-shirts, shirts, trousers and underwear. Cotton clothing is easy to care for. You can simply put it in the washing machine and wash it at 40°C. It is recommended to wash it with similar colours and dry it at a low to medium temperature to prevent shrinkage.
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Bouclé
Bouclé is a fabric with a characteristic textured surface created by the use of special yarns. It is a crease-resistant blend of different fibres such as wool, cotton or synthetic materials. Bouclé is non-slip and has a sophisticated look. This is due to its wavy, crimped or looped structure. This gives the fabric its typical irregular appearance. Bouclé is often used for winter clothing such as coats, jackets and jumpers, but also for suits and business looks. When washing bouclé, it is important to follow the manufacturer's care instructions, as different fibres may have different requirements. If the bouclé fabric is made of pure cotton, dry cleaning is recommended. In most cases, however, it is recommended to wash bouclé by hand or on a gentle cycle at a low temperature (approx. 25–30 °C) and lay it flat to dry.
Canvas
The term canvas comes from English and means ‘canvas’ or ‘sailcloth’. Canvas is a robust fabric made of cotton, hemp or linen woven together in a plain weave. It is characterised by its high durability and longevity. Canvas is often used to make garments such as trousers and jackets, but also backpacks and shoes. It is particularly popular for outdoor and work clothing as it is strong and resistant to abrasion. When washing canvas, you should select a low temperature and avoid fabric softener – this preserves the strength of the fabric. Do not spin dry under any circumstances! It is recommended to air dry canvas.
Chambray
Chambray is a lightweight cotton fabric with a characteristic weaving technique. It is characterised by its slightly mottled, almost iridescent structure. The fine fabric is woven from two different coloured threads and is visually reminiscent of jeans. Although chambray resembles denim, it differs in its manufacture. The perfect summer fabric is often used for casual garments such as shirts, blouses, dresses and light trousers – and for bed linen. Chambray can be suitable for both everyday and formal occasions. Chambray can be washed in the washing machine on a normal cycle. Most fabrics do not tolerate excessively high temperatures: if in doubt, always wash at 30°C and spin your garment gently.
Charmeuse
Charmeuse is a smooth, lightweight and silky fabric often made from silk, polyester or a combination of these fibres. It is characterised by a distinctive sheen and a soft, flowing texture. Charmeuse is often used for luxurious, shimmering evening dresses, nightgowns, slips, blouses and scarves – and is the perfect lining material. When caring for charmeuse, hand washing or machine washing on a gentle cycle with cold water is recommended. The fabric should be cleaned gently and laid flat or hung up to dry to prevent creasing. Avoid ironing at high temperatures, as this can damage the fabric.
Chenille
Chenille is a fabric that stands out for its special texture and appearance. It consists of soft, velvety yarns made from cotton, acrylic, polyester or other fibre blends. Interesting fact: chenille fibres have no grain direction. The term ‘chenille’ comes from French and means ‘caterpillar’ – aptly describing the appearance of chenille yarn, as the protruding hairs are reminiscent of a hairy caterpillar. Chenille is used to make jumpers, cardigans, scarves and home accessories such as blankets and cushions. The fabric is characterised by its fluffy, velvety feel and its ability to retain heat. Many chenille fabrics can be washed at 40 °C in a normal wash cycle.
Chiffon
The fabric that dreams are made of – chiffon is a light, transparent fabric woven from fine synthetic fibres or silk. It impresses with its delicate, flowing texture and airy character. Chiffon is often used for elegant garments such as evening dresses, blouses, scarves and skirts, as it exudes an elegant or romantic attitude. Care should be taken when washing chiffon, as the fabric is delicate. It is recommended to wash chiffon by hand in lukewarm water with a mild detergent. Gently wringing it out and drying it in the shade is ideal.
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Corduroy
Corduroy is a durable, tear-resistant fabric made from cotton or cotton blends. It is characterised by its soft ribbed texture, created by raised vertical cords, which give the material both warmth and structure. Corduroy is a popular fabric for autumn and winter fashion, especially for trousers, jumpsuits, jackets, skirts and shirts. It combines warmth and comfort with a timeless retro-inspired style. Corduroy is also widely used in workwear – for example in traditional carpenter clothing – and is a favourite for children’s clothing thanks to its durability. When caring for corduroy, always follow the garment’s care label. To preserve the fabric’s velvety surface, turn it inside out before washing, use a gentle cycle at 30°C and avoid high heat. Air drying is recommended to help maintain the texture and longevity of the fabric.
Damask
Damask is a high-quality fabric characterised by its distinctive pattern of shiny and matt areas. It is woven from fine threads – usually mercerised cotton – to create a dense weave pattern. Damask was already used for fine garments in the Baroque period. Today, it is found in luxurious items such as evening dresses and ties, as well as tablecloths, napkins and bed linen. To wash damask, hand washing or gentle machine washing with cold water is recommended. If the damask fabric is made of pure cotton, it can withstand washing cycles of up to 60 °C. Dry the damask flat or hanging to prevent deformation.
Denim
Denim is a durable cotton fabric characterised by a special weave pattern. Originally developed as work trousers, denim became popular in the United States in the 1870s. Its history is closely linked to jeans, which have become a symbol of casual and leisure wear. Today, denim is used for a wide range of garments, including jeans, jackets, shirts and dresses. To wash denim, it is recommended to turn the garment inside out. You can set the washing machine to 30°C. Over time, all denim looks will fade slightly – this is desirable. Do not use fabric softener in order to preserve the fabric structure. Denim can then be air-dried or tumble-dried at a low temperature.
Dralon
Dralon is a synthetic fibre known for its softness and durability. The fabric consists of a polyacrylonitrile fibre type and is particularly hard-wearing. Dralon is mainly used for the manufacture of outdoor textiles such as cushion covers and tablecloths. Its excellent insulating properties make Dralon ideal for winter clothing. However, it can also be used in light summer clothing. Dralon fabrics are robust and easy to care for, but there are a few things to keep in mind when washing them: they can be machine washed at up to 40°C, but must not be spun. Dralon fabrics should not be tumble dried, but the structure of the fibres means that the fabric dries quickly anyway.
Felt
Felt is a textile material created by matting fibres together – often wool or other animal fibres. It is characterised by its density, strength and thermal insulation properties. Felt is used for various items of clothing, including hats, jackets, coats and gloves, as well as bags. Due to its natural properties, felt keeps the body warm and protects against cold and moisture. Care should be taken when washing felt, as it tends to shrink. It is recommended to wash it by hand with cold or lukewarm water and a mild wool detergent. Afterwards, the felt should be carefully reshaped. Wet felt fabric is best dried flat in a dry and well-ventilated place – away from direct sunlight and not on the heater.
Flannel
Flannel is a soft and slightly roughened fabric woven from cotton, wool or synthetic fibres. It impresses with its warming, moisture-absorbing properties and pleasant feel. Flannel is often used for shirts, pyjamas, trousers and bed linen. Due to its insulating effect, it is particularly suitable for cooler temperatures. To wash flannel, it is advisable to follow the care instructions on the garment label. Cotton flannel is easy to care for and can be machine washed at 40 °C. Care should be taken with wool flannel. These fabrics should not be machine washed, but should be dry cleaned.
Fleece
Fleece is a synthetic fabric made from polyester fibres. It is characterised by its soft and fluffy texture, which has a heat-insulating effect. Fleece is often used for various garments such as jumpers, jackets, blankets and hats because it is lightweight and breathable. Some cosy blankets are also made of fleece. The fabric has the property of wicking moisture away from the body and drying quickly. When washing fleece, it is advisable to wash it separately or with similar fabrics to prevent pilling. Fleece can be machine washed but should be air dried. Ironing is possible but not necessary.
French terry
French terry is also known as ‘summer sweat’. The fabric is characterised by its special structure and texture. It is made of cotton or a blend of cotton and other fibres such as polyester or elastane. French terry is characterised by a smooth surface on the front. The back of the fabric is not brushed, but has a typical looped appearance. This gives it high breathability, a slightly elastic structure and a comfortable feel. Due to its properties, French terry is often used for comfortable leisurewear such as sweatshirts, hoodies, jogging bottoms and sweat jackets. Wash the fabric at 30°C. It is not suitable for tumble drying. It is recommended to turn the fabric inside out.
Terry cloth
Terry cloth is a fabric characterised by its distinctive looped structure. It is made of cotton or a cotton blend and is known for its soft, absorbent and fluffy texture. Its surface is covered with deep loops and can be used on both sides – terry cloth therefore has no ‘wrong’ side. Terry cloth is often used for towels, bathrobes, washcloths and baby clothes because it absorbs moisture well and is comfortable against the skin. Terry cloth is best cared for by machine washing at 40 °C. Tip: A dash of fabric softener ensures that terry cloth remains soft even after washing. However, one disadvantage is that the fabric can lose some of its absorbency because the fabric softener coats the fabric fibres. Terry cloth does not need to be ironed.
Gabardine
The all-rounder among clothing fabrics: gabardine has a smooth, durable surface and a diagonal twill weave. It is often made of cotton, wool or synthetic fibres. Gabardine is characterised by its high tear resistance and water-repellent properties, making it ideal for weatherproof garments such as coats, suits, jackets and trousers. The material is traditionally firm and non-stretch, unless it is stretch gabardine with elastane. Due to its strength, gabardine is often used for uniforms. As a rule, you can wash the material in the washing machine on a gentle cycle at 30 or 40 °C, even if it is fine wool gabardine. To dry, lay the gabardine fabric flat. Please iron at a low temperature.
Georgette
A light and airy fabric dream: Georgette is a light, delicate fabric made from 100% silk or synthetic fibres. It is characterised by its fine texture and rough crepe surface, which gives the fabric a light, flowing character and makes it rustle slightly. Georgette is often used for garments such as blouses, dresses and scarves, as it drapes elegantly and can have a certain transparency. This dream fabric is even used in evening dresses and bridal wear. Care should be taken when washing georgette, as the fabric is delicate. Georgette is sensitive and should only be washed on a delicate cycle or by hand. The fabric should not be put in the tumble dryer. Please do not wring it out or rub it too hard.
Gobelin
Gobelin fabric is known for its luxurious, ornate appearance and richly textured finish. Although it often looks embroidered at first glance, Gobelin is actually a woven jacquard fabric created using coloured weft threads to form artistic motifs, such as historical scenes, florals or tapestry-style patterns. Traditionally used as decorative wall tapestries in European interiors, Gobelin has evolved into a premium fabric used in high-fashion pieces such as statement coats, structured jackets, couture dresses and elegant accessories. It is also popular in home décor, especially for cushion covers and upholstery. Despite its opulent appearance, Gobelin is surprisingly durable and easy to care for. Most Gobelin fabrics are washable, can be ironed at a medium temperature and are partially suitable for tumble drying.
Hemp
Hemp is a versatile plant fibre obtained from the Cannabis sativa plant. It is known for its robustness, breathability and durability. Hemp is often used to make clothing, especially casual wear such as shirts, trousers and jackets. It has natural antimicrobial properties that reduce odour formation. Hemp clothing can effectively wick away moisture due to its breathability, making it ideal for summer. To wash hemp clothing, it is recommended to wash it in cold water and use mild detergents, as high temperatures and aggressive chemicals can damage the fibre. To dry, hemp should be protected from direct sunlight and hung up.
Jacquard
Jacquard impresses with its stylish elegance and is also suitable as a decorative fabric. The fabric is produced using a special weaving technique with complex patterns, textures and structures. Jacquard fabrics are often used for garments such as evening dresses, ties, blouses, jackets and accessories. The price varies depending on the material on which the fabric is based. For example, silk jacquard is more expensive than cotton jacquard. The fabric is robust and durable, which means it retains its shape and colours well. The material can usually be washed by hand or on a gentle cycle. Iron the fabric on the reverse side at the lowest possible temperature.
Jersey
There is hardly any fabric we encounter more often in everyday life than jersey. It is made from cotton, wool, viscose or synthetic fibres. It is characterised by its soft, elastic and breathable texture. Jersey fabrics are light and comfortable to wear as they fit snugly to the body. They are often used for T-shirts, sweatshirts, dresses and underwear. Jersey made from cotton, viscose, polyester or blended fabrics is extremely easy to care for and can be washed in the washing machine at up to 40°C.
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Jute
Jute is a plant of the genus Chorchorus, which belongs to the mallow family. Consequently, jute fabric is a natural fibre type that is obtained from the stems of the jute plant and is completely biodegradable. It is a coarse yet flexible and durable fibre. Jute is best known for its environmental sustainability, as the plant grows quickly and requires little fertiliser or pesticides. The so-called ‘golden fibre’ is often used to make sacks, bags and carpets, but also for garments such as shirts, trousers and skirts. When washing jute, it is advisable to clean it by hand with cold water and a mild detergent to prevent shrinkage or felting. Just because jute fabric is robust does not necessarily mean that it can always be washed. There are also designs that must not be washed. Be sure to check the label.
Cork
Sustainable, vegan, versatile – cork is a natural material obtained from the bark of the cork oak tree. It impresses with its lightness, elasticity and insulating properties. Cork is water-repellent, breathable and highly resistant to wear and tear. Due to its unique properties, cork is often used in the manufacture of shoes, bags, hats and accessories. To clean cork, it is recommended to wipe it with a damp cloth and mild soap. It is important not to immerse the material in water or wash it in the washing machine, as this could compromise its structural integrity.
Faux fur
The alternative to real animal fur – faux fur, also known as fake fur, is a synthetic material that has been developed to resemble real fur. It consists of various fibres such as polyester, acrylic or modacrylic, which are woven together to create a fur-like texture. Faux fur is an animal-friendly alternative and is often used for garments such as jackets, coats, hats, scarves and accessories – often as individual collar trims. It provides warmth and an extravagant touch and can imitate various animal patterns or colours. The cleaning of faux fur may vary depending on the manufacturer's instructions. It is generally recommended to wash it gently by hand with a mild detergent or to have it dry cleaned to preserve the quality and appearance of the material.
Faux leather
Faux leather is a synthetic material designed to mimic the look and feel of real leather. It consists of a mixture of plastics such as polyurethane (PU) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and is usually smooth and shiny. Faux leather is often used for jackets, trousers, skirts and accessories such as handbags and shoes. It is a popular alternative to real leather due to its lower price and vegan properties. When it comes to cleaning, not all faux leather is the same. Most types are not suitable for machine washing, but can be easily cleaned with a damp cloth and, if necessary, a little washing-up liquid. More stubborn stains can be treated with a solution of water and mild soapy water. It is important to avoid aggressive cleaning agents and heat, as these can damage the material.
Patent leather
A real eye-catcher, patent leather is a material created by applying a shiny, opaque coating to various surfaces. It has a smooth, reflective surface that gives it a glamorous or futuristic look. The textile backing is matt and the fabric is visible. Lacquer is tear-resistant and waterproof and is often used for fashionable garments such as jackets, trousers, skirts and shoes. It gives them a striking shine and a certain durability. Only clean lacquer fabrics with a damp cloth. Washing machines, tumble dryers and irons are taboo. Avoid direct sunlight when drying, as it can damage the material.
Linen
Linen is a natural fabric made from the fibres of the flax plant. It is characterised by its strength, breathability and cooling properties. Linen fabric is known for its natural texture, which often has a slightly irregular surface. A distinction is made between pure linen (100% flax) and half-linen (40% flax and 60% cotton). Due to its excellent absorption properties, linen is well suited for warm weather conditions. It is often used for outerwear and business attire, as well as shirts and dresses. Linen requires careful maintenance as it is prone to creasing. Linen fabrics can be washed at 30–40 °C and ironed while damp.
Lurex
Lurex is a special fabric known for its shiny and sparkling surface. It consists of a core thread wrapped in a thin layer of metallic polyester. This metallic coating gives the fabric its characteristic shine and glitter effect. Metallic fabric was already a hit in the 1960s; today it is mainly used for striking evening and party wear. Lurex fabrics should always be washed on a gentle cycle and air-dried to prevent abrasion of the metallic coating.
Lyocell
Lyocell is a fibre obtained from the natural cellulose of wood. It is characterised by its smooth, soft and breathable texture. Lyocell fibres absorb moisture well and wick it away from the skin, making them particularly suitable for sportswear and everyday clothing. They are also hypoallergenic and offer a high level of comfort. Lyocell is often used for T-shirts, blouses, dresses, trousers and underwear. Lyocell clothing is relatively easy to care for as it is usually machine washable. To be on the safe side, follow the manufacturer's care instructions to preserve the life of your garment.
Mesh
Mesh is an airy, net-like fabric that is used in many different garments. It consists of thin, woven or knitted meshes and was originally used for sportswear such as jerseys, tracksuit bottoms, leggings and sports bras. However, mesh is also found in fashionable designs for tops, dresses and skirts to create a touch of transparency and texture. Cleaning mesh clothing requires special attention. It is recommended to wash it by hand with cold water and a mild detergent. Preferably, the clothing should be washed in a laundry bag to avoid damage to the delicate mesh. After washing, mesh clothing should be laid flat or hung up to dry gently. Please avoid ironing or tumble drying, as this can cause deformation or shrinkage.
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Modal
A good alternative to cotton fabrics, modal is a type of synthetic fibre made from the cellulose fibres of beech wood. It is characterised by its soft, silky and breathable texture, which makes it comfortable against the skin. Modal is often used for close-fitting garments such as T-shirts, dresses, underwear or bed linen. It drapes well, which means it hugs the body and falls smoothly. Modal fabrics are generally easy to care for and, thanks to their alkali resistance, are easy to wash. Even after several washes, the material retains its pleasantly soft feel. We recommend machine washing at a maximum temperature of 40 °C.
Molton
Its strength lies in its functionality – molton is a true all-rounder and a material made from heavy, thick cotton or wool. It impresses with its soft texture, thick structure and good insulating properties. The dense weave and roughened surface ensure that molton fabric absorbs sound well and has a dampening effect. This makes the light-proof material ideal for use on stage or in photo studios. Mattress protectors and clothing designed to provide warmth and comfort, such as hoodies and jogging bottoms, are also available in molton. This practical fabric can be machine washed at 30–40 °C.
Muslin
With its characteristic crinkled appearance, muslin is a light and airy fabric woven from fine cotton or linen fibres. It is characterised by its loose weave and high breathability. Muslin is known for its softness, smoothness and lightness. At the same time, its double-layer structure makes it feel warmer and cosier than smooth, single-layer cotton fabrics. Its crinkled look makes it a favourite for summer clothing and baby clothes. The fabric is machine washable but should not be tumble dried. And: the crinkled look definitely makes muslin a favourite for anyone who hates ironing.
Velour Stretch
Comfort guaranteed: velour stretch is a fabric made of cotton or cotton blends, characterised by its velvety surface. It impresses with its soft texture and is therefore comfortable to wear with a slight sheen. Velour is mainly used for leisurewear such as jogging bottoms, loungewear, jumpers, hoodies and baby clothing. Due to its cosy nature, velour is particularly suitable for comfortable and warm garments. Velour is easy to care for. You can turn the fabric inside out and machine wash it at 30–40 °C.
Oilskin
Trendy for several years now, oilskin is a waterproof fabric made by impregnating cotton fabric. Before the 19th century, clothing was regularly sealed with oil to maintain its water-repellent properties. Today, oilskin fabrics are made from woven fabrics treated with antique wax, with either cotton or canvas as the base. This fabric is robust and durable, making it ideal for protection against wet and windy conditions. Oilskin is often used to make outdoor clothing such as jackets, coats, hats and bags. The oilskin raincoat, a typical yellow raincoat from the coast, has become a fashion highlight in recent years. Oilskin must not be washed in the washing machine. To clean oilskin, you should first brush off any loose dirt and then wipe it with a damp cloth.
Organza
Its lightness is what makes it so special – organza is a transparent and shiny fabric woven from fine yarns such as silk, nylon or polyester. It has a stiff and crisp texture. Organza is often used for formal and elegant garments such as wedding dresses, evening gowns, blouses and scarves, as well as carnival outfits. Due to its transparency, it is often used as an overlay material to add dimension and shine to other fabrics. Wash the material by hand if possible, or at very low temperatures on a gentle cycle using mild detergents. Hang your organza garment up to dry while still wet. Iron at low temperatures and use a heat protector if necessary.
Sequins
Fancy a little glamour? Sequins are small, shiny discs made of plastic or metal that are used as decorative elements on garments. They give the fabric a sparkling effect and create an eye-catching look. Sequins are often used on evening dresses, cocktail dresses, tops, skirts and accessories such as bags and shoes. To care for sequinned clothing, turn it inside out before washing to prevent damage. It is recommended to wash sequined clothing by hand or in the machine on a low temperature, using a gentle cycle and a laundry bag. They should be laid flat to dry. Tip: Store sequined clothing separately to avoid scratches and abrasion. Please refer to the individual label.
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Panama
Panama is a light and airy fabric made from natural fibres such as cotton or linen. It is characterised by its fine chequerboard-like weave and high breathability, which makes it particularly comfortable for warm weather. Panama fabric is mainly used for summer clothing, including shirts, blouses, trousers and light jackets. The material is also suitable for upholstery and decorative use. Wash Panama fabric at 30°C on a normal cycle and do not tumble dry. Ironing is possible at a low temperature.
Panel
Panel is a fabric created by joining several pieces of fabric together to create a uniform design or pattern. Typically, different materials such as cotton, polyester or nylon are used to make panels. This fabric is often used to make garments such as T-shirts, sweatshirts, hoodies and sportswear to give them a dynamic and modern look. Panels can be designed in different colours, patterns and textures and are often placed along the sides, sleeves or back of the garment. To care for panels, it is recommended to follow the manufacturer's washing instructions.
Piqué
Ideal for clothing and home textiles, piqué is a fabric with a characteristic texture created by raised squares or diamonds. The French term ‘piqué’ means ‘quilted’. The fabric is mainly made of cotton and is characterised by its high durability and breathability. Piqué is often used to make polo shirts, sportswear, shirts, tuxedo vests and tailcoat vests. Its textured surface gives it an elegant look while also providing good air circulation. Piqué can be washed on a gentle cycle and ironed at a low heat. It is not suitable for tumble drying.
Pleated
Permanently fixed pleats are its distinguishing feature – pleated (French for ‘pleats’) is a fabric produced using special pleating techniques. There are three different types: flat pleats, box pleats and standing pleats. The fabric has an elegant and textured look. Pleated fabric is often used for skirts, dresses, blouses and tops. It can be made from various materials such as polyester, silk or cotton. To produce large quantities, the artificial pleats are permanently pressed into the fabric using moist heat and pressure. Depending on the material base, clothing made from pleated fabric can be washed either by hand in cold water or in the washing machine on a gentle cycle at a low temperature without spinning. Dry cleaning is always possible. Gentle storage without compression also helps to preserve the shape of the fabric.
Polyester
Polyester is a synthetic fabric made from artificial fibres. Specifically, the material is manufactured using a melt spinning process, in which the plastic is first heated to a high temperature and melted. It is characterised by high strength, elasticity and crease resistance. Polyester is often used for various garments such as shirts, blouses, trousers, jackets and sportswear. Due to its moisture-wicking properties, polyester is well suited for sporting activities. The material is easy to care for and can usually be machine washed and dried. It has a long service life and is resistant to many stains. However, polyester tends to become electrostatically charged and can deform when exposed to high temperatures; therefore, a gentle ironing temperature is recommended.
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PUL
When it gets wet – PUL stands for ‘polyurethane laminate’ and is a water-repellent fabric that is often used in the manufacture of reusable nappies, changing mats and other baby products. PUL fabrics were originally used in medical care. They consist of a layer of polyurethane laminated onto a fabric such as cotton or polyester. PUL is characterised by its high water resistance and breathability. It is flexible, lightweight and durable. To care for PUL garments, it is recommended to wash them at a low temperature and not to tumble dry them in order to preserve the water-repellent properties of the fabric.
Velvet
Velvet is a luxurious fabric with a rich history. It originated in ancient Egypt and later became a popular textile during the Renaissance. Characterised by its soft, supple feel and shiny pile, velvet consists of densely woven loops on the surface. It is mainly used for elegant garments such as evening dresses, suits, coats and accessories. Velvet requires special care to maintain its shine: it should be gently brushed or steamed on the reverse side with a steam iron. Stains should be carefully removed with a mild detergent. To protect the fabric from abrasion, direct friction should be avoided and velvet is best stored in a fabric bag or tissue paper.
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Satin
Satin is a shiny fabric woven from silk, cotton or synthetic fibres. Its history dates back to ancient China, where it was originally made from silk. Satin is characterised by a smooth surface, a slight sheen and a soft texture. It is often used for luxurious garments such as evening dresses, wedding dresses, blouses and bed linen. Satin requires careful care as it is delicate. It is recommended to clean satin by hand or on a gentle cycle in the washing machine. Satin can be ironed easily on the reverse side. If you iron the shiny side, the material is likely to be damaged. Tip for maintaining shine: dab the reverse side with a small amount of vinegar water – it works wonders.
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Scuba
Scuba is a synthetic fabric made of polyester and elastane. It was first developed in the 1950s and has since become a popular material for accessories, upholstery and clothing. Scuba is characterised by its durable and water-repellent properties. Unlike the very similar neoprene with its foamed cell structure, however, scuba does not have heat-insulating and waterproof properties. Although it is a thick fabric, it is breathable and very stretchy. Scuba is used for sportswear and even spectacular evening dresses. Scuba fabrics do not need to be neatened or hemmed and are therefore easy to handle. To care for scuba, it should be washed by hand or in the machine at a maximum temperature of 30°C.
Silk
Silk is a luxurious natural fabric obtained from the cocoons of silkworms. Its history dates back over 5,000 years and is closely linked to Chinese culture. Silk is characterised by its smooth, shiny and slightly cooling properties. It is lightweight, breathable and highly durable with very little stretch. Silk is often used for high-quality garments such as blouses, dresses, ties and scarves. To care for silk garments, it is recommended to wash them gently by hand with mild soap or have them professionally cleaned. Silk should be dried flat to prevent deformation.
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Softshell
Water- and dirt-repellent – softshell is a material made from a combination of synthetic fibres and is widely used in the outdoor clothing industry. Unlike fleece, softshell is not only warm, but also windproof, breathable and, to a certain extent, water-repellent. These characteristics make it ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking, climbing and skiing. Softshell is often used for outdoor jackets, trousers and vests that are designed to provide protection from the elements while ensuring freedom of movement and comfort. Machine wash softshell, but not too often to preserve the waterproofing.
Lace
Delicate beauty – lace is a delicate, transparent fabric made from thin threads or yarns, usually forming a decorative pattern. The typical broken pattern of lace fabric has been machine-made since around the beginning of the 20th century. However, traditional lace was painstakingly made by hand. Lace is often used for wedding dresses, lingerie, blouses and evening dresses to give them a feminine and romantic touch. Lace requires special care as it can be easily damaged. Recommendation: wash lace by hand. To protect the delicate material in the machine, place it in a laundry bag. This will provide optimum protection. Lace can be ironed without any problems, but at a low temperature.
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Quilt
Voluminous and warm – quilt is a textile fabric such as sweatshirt fabric or cotton blend fabric, which is created using a special quilting technique. This technique involves joining two or more layers of fabric together using seams or quilting stitches. All quilted fabrics have at least two layers. Quilted fabric is characterised by its padded surface, which provides both insulation and texture. The material is often used for winter jackets, coats, waistcoats and blankets to provide warmth and comfort. To care for quilted fabric, it is advisable to wash it gently, protect it from excessive heat and friction, and allow it to air dry.
Knit
Cosy and warm – knit is a textile fabric created by interlocking loops of yarn, i.e. it consists of knitted fabric. The material is known for its elasticity, warmth and softness. It is often used for garments such as jumpers, cardigans, knitted jackets, scarves, hats and wrist warmers. Lightweight fine knitwear such as ajour dresses, on the other hand, are particularly suitable for summer. Knitwear can be made from various materials such as wool, cotton or synthetic fibres. Knitwear usually requires gentle washing by hand or on a delicate cycle in the machine, followed by air drying to prevent unsightly deformation. Some knitted fabrics can also be ironed at a low temperature, while others are better hung up or steamed.
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Sweatshirt
Sweatshirt fabric is a soft and comfortable fabric made from cotton, synthetic fibres or a blend of both. Sweatshirt fabric was originally developed for sportswear, but over time it has become a popular material for casual wear such as hoodies, jogging bottoms and sweatshirts. Sweatshirt fabric is characterised by its typical brushed inner surface, which provides warmth and comfort. It is lightweight, breathable and elastic, allowing freedom of movement. Sweatshirt fabric is generally easy to care for: machine wash at a low temperature, turn inside out and dry gently. Ironing is possible at moderate heat.
Taffeta
For a dazzling appearance – taffeta is a shiny fabric that originated in the 19th century and is woven in plain weave. It was named after the Persian term ‘taftan’ and is known for its luxurious sheen and strength. Taffeta is made of silk, cotton or synthetic fibres. This shimmering material is used to make elegant gowns, breathtaking cocktail dresses, petticoats and dreamlike wedding dresses. The fabric is characterised by a dense weave and a smooth surface, which gives it a matt yet iridescent look that creates glamorous effects when light hits it. Taffeta is delicate and not all taffeta can be washed in the washing machine. Be sure to follow the care instructions for each item. Taffeta fabrics containing silk may only be dry cleaned.
Teddy
Teddy fabric or plush is a soft fabric with a fluffy texture that is used to make stuffed animals, blankets, pillows and clothing. Originally developed in the early 20th century, teddy fabric is now a popular material. It consists of a woven base of cotton or polyester covered with a fluffy material such as mohair, cotton yarn or synthetic fibres. The pile varies in height and can be relatively short, but also several centimetres long. Teddy fabric impresses with its softness, voluminous appearance and durability. To care for it, it is recommended to brush it regularly, treat stains with a mild detergent and wash it gently if necessary. A gentle hand wash or a delicate wash cycle at 30 °C in a laundry bag is suitable for this.
Tencel
The future of sustainably produced fashion – this natural synthetic fibre is obtained from renewable raw materials such as beech wood and eucalyptus, but is artificially produced through a process in which the wood fibres are processed into yarn. The special feature of this ecological production process is the solvent, 99% of which can be recovered and returned to the production cycle. The synthetic regenerated fibre was originally developed by Lenzing AG and first introduced in 1992. Tencel is characterised by its softness, high breathability and excellent moisture absorption. Tencel fabrics are crease-resistant, have a smooth texture and are therefore ideal for elegant fashion, but also for blouses, shirts and sportswear. Tencel is easy to care for as it is machine washable and can often be washed at lower temperatures to save energy.
Toile de Jouy
Elegant and ideal for decorative purposes, Toile de Jouy is a printed cotton fabric that became popular in France in the 18th century. Originally produced in the town of Jouy-en-Josas, the material quickly conquered the world of fashion and, above all, interior design. The classic Toile de Jouy design is two-tone: white and red or white and blue. It is characterised by delicate, detailed patterns that often depict idyllic rural scenes, ornaments or nature motifs. Today, Toile de Jouy is also used for dresses and skirts, but mainly for home décor and curtains. The fabric is generally easy to care for, machine washable and can be ironed gently.
Tulle
Light as a feather, a dream come true – tulle is a fine, transparent fabric made of mesh. Tulle is characterised by its airy, transparent structure of thin nylon threads or meshes, which give it a light and delicate appearance. It weighs less than 20 g/m². Ballet dancers wear tulle tutus, as do princesses in fairy tales. It is often used for ruffles, petticoats, veils, underwear, wedding dresses and ball gowns. Tulle requires careful care. Please do not wash this delicate fabric in the washing machine. Instead, we recommend hand washing with a mild detergent. Iron only at a low temperature.
Velour
The power fabric of the 70s – velour is a soft fabric similar to velvet. The right side typically has a soft pile whose fibres can be brushed in any direction. Velour is made by shearing looped fibres and is often made of cotton, silk or polyester. The favourite fabric of fashionistas in the 70s, it is generally known as a comfortable fabric and is therefore often used for leisurewear: whether pyjamas, tracksuits, slippers, leggings or bathrobes – this cosy material is a real hit. To care for velour, it should be protected from moisture and heat. It is advisable to wash the fabric carefully by hand or have it dry cleaned to prevent colour loss.
Viscose
Comfortable to wear, soft and flowing – viscose is a man-made material derived from plant fibres. It was first developed at the end of the 19th century and is considered one of the first synthetic fibres. Viscose is characterised by its softness, smoothness and breathability. Viscose is not stretchy and resembles cotton fabrics. Disadvantage: viscose creases easily; for this reason, other fibres are sometimes added. As a substitute for silk, the fabric is often used for festive clothing and bridal wear, as well as for light summer looks. The material feels pleasantly cool against the skin. Viscose can also be found in blended fabrics with cotton or elastane. It is easy to clean. Nothing can go wrong if you wash it on a gentle cycle at a low temperature. Not suitable for tumble drying.
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Voile
‘Voile’ comes from French and translates as ‘veil’. Voile is a delicate, fine-threaded fabric characterised by a slightly grainy, sandy feel. It is semi-transparent, light and airy, and drapes softly and fluidly. Originally, voile was made from silk, but today it is also made from cotton or synthetic fibres. Due to its translucency, voile is the perfect curtain fabric. Its fine texture also makes it an ideal material for summer clothing. Cotton voile can usually be washed at 40 °C on a normal cycle, while viscose versions require a gentle wash at 30 °C. Never put it in the tumble dryer.
Oilcloth
Oilcloth is a strong, thick fabric made from cotton, synthetic or mixed fibres, which is sealed with a vinyl coating. It has a long history and was originally made from cotton or linen treated with a mixture of beeswax, paraffin or other water-repellent substances. Oilcloth is known for its durability, hard-wearing properties and its ability to repel moisture and dirt. It is often used for rainwear, such as raincoats and trousers, but also for tablecloths, bags and rucksacks. The material should be cleaned with a damp cloth, but is also machine washable. Regular re-waxing of the surface can extend the life of the oilcloth.
Boiled Wool / Walkloden
Walkloden is a classic, robust fabric made from virgin wool or a blend of viscose and wool for traditional costumes. However, this robust material can also be used to make coats, jackets and capes, as well as outdoor clothing. Walkloden is a traditional material created by fulling wool fibres to produce a dense, warm and durable texture. It is wind and water repellent as well as breathable. Its insulating properties make it particularly suitable for cold weather conditions. Walkloden is not suitable for washing and spinning. Dust and dirt can be easily brushed off. Full-crepe should also be kept out of the dryer if possible.
Wool
Ideal for the cold season, wool is a natural material obtained from the hair of various animals, mainly sheep. It has a long history and has been used for clothing for thousands of years. Wool is characterised by its excellent insulation and breathability. It also absorbs moisture, inhibits odours and does not crease. Wool is used for a variety of garments, including warm jumpers, scarves, coats, socks and other warming accessories. Wool fabrics should be washed as infrequently as possible – using the gentlest possible method by hand or with a special wool detergent that can also soften scratchy wool. Dry cleaning is not possible. Tip: Dirt on the material can simply be brushed off when dry. Wool fabric is breathable – unpleasant odours are not washed out, but aired away.
